Algebra and Basic Human Decency: Early Thoughts on Jonathan Lyons’ The House of Wisdom: How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization

review_of_house_of_wisdom_1

I read the coolest little tidbit today in The House of Wisdom. It has to do with the invention of algebra. According to this author (and the source he cites; more on this in a moment), algebra was developed by a man named al-Khwarizmi during the earliest years of Islam. He and other leaders in Baghdad were trying to refine the codes of justice that had been around since before Mohammad’s revelation from Allah. They were especially concerned about inheritance law. Prior to Islamic rule, the standard practice in the various Arabic-speaking clans and tribes in the Near East was similar to medieval European primogeniture: the oldest son of a deceased man inherits everything, and everyone else is at his mercy.

al-Khwarizmi and his associates wanted a statute that was more just and that provided for all members of a deceased man’s family, not just the oldest son. After much discussion, they came up with this: When a man dies, his widow inherits one quarter of his estate. His children then inherit the remaining three-quarters of the estate, with sons receiving twice as much as daughters. This is not especially fair by modern standards, but it beats having to jump on a ship and sail for Australia with a bunch of convicts right because your father died and Ramsay Bolton is your older brother.* Given the gender roles of the time and place, this is a thoughtful statute that considers the well-being and dignity of all members of a family. I’m a fan.

*Please excuse this ridiculous metaphor. This is what happens when I read too many books at once.

There was one problem: no one knew how to figure out the dollar amounts to disburse to each person. The mathematics of the situation would be slightly different in each family, of course, and no one knew how to do math that involved – what are they called? – variables. So al-Khwarizmi went home and invented algebra.

After I read this anecdote in The House of Wisdom, I looked back at the plan for inheritance law that I just summarized above, and I got shivers down my spine. (This whole episode took place on BART. Is there a club for people who have gotten shivers down their spines on BART? If not, there should be.) Because once you’re thinking about algebra, the scenario looks like something straight out of your 8th grade math textbook. And then I went home and wrote this on a Post-it:

Algebra post-it

And then gosh, look at the time! I believe I have an appointment with a toothbrush.

In all seriousness, I love that this 7th-century Muslim leader invented an entirely new field of study out of a desire for a sort of justice that was on some level mathematically impossible in the world he was born into. The cynic in me wanted to fact-check the story because I posted it, because it really does feel too good. But it’s written in a history book with footnotes, and the footnote on the anecdote in question cites Berggren’s Episodes in the Mathematics, so maybe it really is true.

 

Posted in Jonathan Lyons, Non-fiction - History, Nonfiction - General, Nonfiction - Mathematics, Nonfiction - Science, Reviews by Bethany, Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Yarn Along

Yarn Along Photo 5.18.16

After my reading lethargy last weekend, today is the day I can shine. I did a lot of knitting over the past week. Season 5 of Game of Thrones was involved, but mostly I was just sucked into the allure of this soft, beautiful yarn. I’ve finished the back of my sangria sweater and about six inches of the front.

Among many other books, I’m reading Jonathan Lyons’ The House of Wisdom: How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization, and I am loving it. I remember when I used to think reading history was hard; now I’m more likely to complain that history books water the material down to appeal to the general reader (which is not me, according to my ego) – but this book is just right. It’s low on charts and illustrations, but the author doesn’t hesitate to devote long paragraphs to the roles of individuals in the larger picture of history.

My favorite fact so far is that the reason the British call their national treasury the “exchequer” (I’ve always wondered) is that medieval European mathematicians were so incompetent that they used a big checkerboard (Lyons calls it a “special tablecloth”) to manage the royal budget. I find this fairly hilarious. And what’s not to like about a book in which the author cites a source named “Notker the Stammerer”?

That’s all for now. Yarn Along is hosted by Ginny on her blog, Small Things.

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Progress! Update on Diana Gabaldon’s Voyager (by Jill)

Voyager Cover

 

While I got a bunch of reading done over the weekend, somehow I don’t have anything to say about Voyager today. I suspect it’s because I want to just get back to reading it and screw blogging because I need to find out what happens next to Jamie and Claire!! Last night I had to stop reading right after Claire got press-ganged into serving as the Porpoise’s ship surgeon in the midst of an outbreak of typhoid fever. Oh, wait a minute. I’m jumping ahead. The last time I updated, Jamie’s print shop had just burnt down. Since then, Claire and Jamie travelled back to Lallybroch to return their nephew Ian to his parents, Jamie’s sister Jenny and her husband Ian after he ran away to Edinburgh to have adventures with his uncle. Claire finds out that Jamie at some point after obtaining his pardon that he married Laoghaire MacKenzie, Claire’s archnemesis from Outlander, who accused her of witchcraft in an attempt to get her killed and take Jamie for herself. Claire and Jamie fight, Claire leaves to go back to the stones at Craigh na Dun, and gets dragged back when Young Ian tracks her down after Laoghaire shoots Jamie and he is febrile and dying of infection (for the third time that I know of). Conveniently, Claire has brought penicillin back to the eighteenth century, and the antibiotic that is essentially useless in 2016 saves Jamie’s life.

And then, Jamie and Claire have to go get some buried treasure and take Young Ian with them (I’m not getting into this subplot because quite honestly I don’t get it), and when Ian swims out to the island with the seals to get the hidden treasure on a foggy, foggy day, he gets kidnapped and taken away on a boat to parts unknown. Somehow they figure out that the ship he was taken away on is bound for Jamaica, so Claire and Jamie hop on one of Cousin Jerome the wine merchant’s boats and take off after him. After some shenanigans with seasickness and thirty year old Fergus deciding to marry Laoghaire’s fifteen-year-old daughter Marsali and bring her on the Caribbean adventure, things seem to be going okay, until Claire gets taken aboard the Porpoise. And that’s when I went to sleep last night.

As much as I’m enjoying the ride that is Voyager, I have to admit that it almost seems like Gabaldon sat down when she was getting ready to start writing this book and came up with a list of outlandish situations to throw Jamie and Claire into and then strung them together into a novel. I’m sure that comment will irritate some Outlander fans, but come on! It’s true! I don’t remember ever thinking that events of Outlander or Dragonfly in Amber were over the top, but I’ve found myself thinking that every time something new happens in Voyager! Except when they were at Lallybroch. That part was lovely. And with that, I’m going to go to bed to find out what happens next to my favorite time-travelling surgeon and her hot ginger husband.

Posted in Fiction - Fantasy, Fiction - general, Fiction - Historical, Reviews by Jill, TIME TRAVEL, Uncategorized | 11 Comments

Another Blog Day Bites the Dust

This weekend is ending as it began: with very little productivity. I did do 2-3 hours of tutoring each day, so I guess I earned a very tiny bit of my keep. What else did I do? I took a restorative yoga class and then spent the next 24 hours trying to figure out how 90 minutes of lying on the floor had somehow made my back pain worse (but I did walk in on the instructor when he was peeing, so at least I got a good story out of the experience). I took my cat Cleo to the vet, got out the door for only $169, and spent the afternoon searching the sky for pigs. (The vet actually said, “She’s healthy!” San Francisco veterinarians NEVER say “She’s healthy.” Consider all the financial opportunities one abandons when one utters those words. I hope she didn’t get fired.). I made some progress on the Great Dining Room Cleanup of ’16, though not enough progress to merit more pictures. And today, I returned Your Heart is a Muscle the Size of a Fist to the library after trying very, very hard to like it. The first chapter is great. But after about 75 pages what I realized is that I am deeply, deeply tired of novels that flick back and forth among half a dozen or more points of view. This is an alarming epiphany to have because I am in the middle of revising a novel that uses this very technique, with another in the drafting phase that also rotates through multiple points of view. Is it time to retire Modernist narrative? After a century, can we finally admit that Faulkner and Joyce did it best and that the rest of us should stick to good old-fashioned third-person limited? I don’t know, but I think this bit of disgruntlement will inform my reading choices – if not my writing choices – for the upcoming weeks and months.

Oh, and I also made a week’s worth of vegetable bean soup so I’ll have healthy lunches to take to work every day. Haha – just kidding! Believed me, didn’t you?

What I did not do was read enough to write a real review. I will try to change that this week.

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Oh, the Inertia

The end of vandalism

I barely read anything this weekend. I’m not sure what I did instead – some tutoring, I suppose, plus some yoga, and – oh right, it’s coming back to me now – some Game of Thrones and some knitting. It’s all coming back to me now

I bought this book on Friday when I was at Green Apple with Jill and Jacob. They had several of this author’s books on their sale table. I’ve never heard of the novelist before, and I always get a little disoriented when that happens. There millions of books I haven’t read and there always will be, but to encounter an established contemporary novelist I’ve never heard of who has written several books, my sense of self gets bruised a little.

That’s it for now. I’ll post a real review soon, I promise.

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Before

For the past couple of years, my writing and blogging command center has been the dining room table. First I just used a little corner of the table; soon my books and papers covered the whole thing. Then books and assorted ephemera began to pile up on the floor and on the organ bench, and wait – is that an empty couscous container over there, next to the Christmas decorations? You get the idea. I do some light cleaning and organizing every couple of weeks, making sure anything that is truly garbage gets thrown away and that all important bills and other paperwork have been attended to. Over the next few weeks, though, I want to do a much more thorough job of sorting and organizing and filing – in the dining room and also in a couple of other rooms that I wish I were using more efficiently. Don’t worry, I don’t plan to start quoting Marie Kondo or anything, but there will be some After photos sometime soon, to complement the following:

Dining room 2Dining room 1Dining Room 3

 

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A PFP Board Meeting

Jill in Bookstore

I don’t have a review for you tonight, but Jill and I did meet up with some high school friends (who also didn’t quite finish Paradise Lost in AP English) and some of their husbands and children, and afterwards we had a quick board meeting in Green Apple Books on the Park. Jill’s husband Jacob came too and was kind enough to listen to me talk about Hamilton. The photo above shows Jill holding a product that reflects our brand’s core values. Also, please note that she is holding a pizza box as if it were a book. Are you curious to know how that worked out for her? Me too.

Then she said – about a book she was perusing – “I need it. I saw it and it’s popular and I want to put it in my pile.” And if that’s not Postcards from Purgatory’s mission statement, I don’t know what is.

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Ah, Saturday….

Voyager CoverIn case you were wondering, I am well aware that it’s actually Thursday. But for me, and for many weekend workers, it’s also Saturday. Today was generally a failure productivity-wise, which my first Saturday often is. I did get laundry washed and dried, but not folded. But my efforts at binge-watching Fringe during the day while binge-reading Voyager were foiled multiple times by my napping, or what I’m referring to as my catch-up sleeping time. Since I got my FitBit last month I’ve seen electronic proof that my sleep suffers on work nights. A lot. And I’ve decided to stop feeling guilty about indulging in some naptime on my weekends, at least on a limited basis. I think I’ll let myself have one day per weekend when I’m allowed to nap with impunity. I did initially really want to get a ton of reading done today, but that ended up not happening. I spent about an hour trying to get through one page of Voyager because I kept nodding off after Jamie ran into his burning print shop to rescue his printing press and then his nephew. One would think that it would be super exciting and impossible to put down, right? Not when one has slept less than seven hours a night for the past five nights. But I’m all caught up now, so I can stay up late working on my most recent not a book review blog post and listening to the five songs from the new Dierks Bentley album that iTunes deemed fit for early download. And hopefully I’ll be awake long enough to read for a few minutes once I finish with this post!

 

 

 

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Yarn Along

Yarn Along Photo 5.11.16

My book and my knitting project are not color-coordinated. I didn’t realize just how bright and glaring that book cover is until I saw it right next to my sangria sweater. The book is good – a contemporary quest narrative in which a young homeless man sets out to sell enough marijuana in one day to buy a plane ticket but – like all heroes of quest narratives – will not succeed in his original mission but will find something even more valuable, which in this case will be his long-lost father. I know because foreshadowing.

Yarn Along is hosted by Ginny on her blog, Small Things.

 

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A Tibetan spaniel, a Golden Retriever, and a Dachshund walk into a bar….

 

I’ve been thinking lately that I don’t give my dogs enough press on the blog. My cats get some, but the major focus is and always has been books. Duh, it’s a book blog, right? But progress on Voyager has been a little slow, or at least it seems that way. Right now, Claire and Jamie are in the middle of some sort of bootlegging shenanigans that involve a whorehouse, Claire being mostly naked and covered in someone else’s blood, and the drunkard “Chinaman” Mr. Willhouby. It’s almost absurd the nonsense that’s going on. It’s funny and entertaining, of course, but I’m kind of used to the Frasers having much more noble pursuits than bootlegging brandy. I’m sure Jamie has a very noble reason for his current activities, but he hasn’t gotten around to telling Claire yet, so I don’t know either, since Claire is my narrator. So there’s my brief update on Voyager.

I thought I’d talk about my dogs tonight, because, well, they are important parts of my life, and even thought they don’t sit still for me to take pictures of them with books like the cats do, they’re always around when I’m reading and writing. One of them likes to try and help me write by walking across my keyboard. No, that’s not a typo. I own a dog who walks on keyboards. He was raised by cats (who hate him).

IMG_0609My first dog was Spinner, the Tibetan Spaniel. I got him from the veterinary technology program where I met my husband Jacob. He was quite possibly the perfect dog. Not a big dog, but didn’t have a little dog attitude, which was a big deal for me when I got him—I didn’t like little dogs back in the late nineties, but back then I didn’t know any little dogs personally, so I didn’t know how awesome they could be. Spinner was the first pet my husband and I adopted together, even though he was more my dog than Jacob’s. The first weekend we had him, we took him to the Arboretum in Davis and he fell into Putah Creek because he was so excited to see ducks. Putah Creek in June is disgusting, with this film of fluorescent green stuff on top. I don’t know what it is. Algae? Mold? Toxic waste? Duck poo? Probably it’s all three. But I do know that we didn’t have any towels in the car that day. One time we went out to the fields outside of Davis with our friend Jeff and Spinner went running through an irrigation ditch that was full of mud. We didn’t have any towels in the car that day, either. We had Spinner until he was about sixteen years old. I’ll never be able to say for certain which of my pets was the hardest to say goodbye to when the time came. They all sucked. For Spinner, I felt like I was saying goodbye to him a little bit each day for the last two years of his life. He was pretty senile at the end, so the dog who got euthanized was hardly the one I brought home from tech school. I was grateful to be able to give him peace by the time it came time to let him go, and it was awful, but peaceful too. I didn’t have that with all of my cats, so I was glad to have it with him.

IMG_0935When I was a first year veterinarian at my current job, I got Bailey, my Golden Retriever. She came in when she was five weeks old with a necrotic wound on her foot and a missing toe. The winners who brought her in had her living in a barn with her mom and her littermates, and “rats ate her toe.” Isn’t that awesome? Anyway, I spent about ten minutes venting in treatment about what idiots these people were and how I would love to take the puppy (whose name was Zoey) away from them. A receptionist whose name I think was Mary said to me, “Do you want this dog?” I said, “Yes!” And she said something along the lines of “Okay, give me a few minutes.” She came back less than five minutes later and said that Zoey was my dog. And then, at like eleven at night, I had to call my fiancé and tell him we just got another dog. I told him she was his birthday present. He didn’t care because she was so darn cute. Shortly thereafter Zoey became Bailey (named after a Labrador Retriever patient of mine from my fourth year of vet school who had a front leg amputated while I was on surgery), and then I got to learn all about why sometimes boy dogs are easier to have than girl dogs. Bailey was my first experience with managing an open wound, and I’ve been hooked ever since. I’ve loved Golden Retrievers my whole life, and Bailey has done nothing that I recall that has made me think any less of the breed. (The fine print of that statement is that she’s done plenty of terrible things, but none that have done any lasting harm to my esteem for Goldens.) Bailey is a sensitive soul who is sweet and eager to please, but so nervous. If she knows you, she loves you forever, unless she’s one of the technicians at work who I make express her anal glands or trim her nails. These two dogs were my first dogs. And I’ll love them unconditionally forever.

IMG_1050And then there’s Dudley. Dudley was my first “replacement dog.” He came to us last summer as an eight week old puppy. I got him from clients who brought his littermate in because she was sick. She was so cute! And I said that if she were a boy I’d want to steal him, because to me the perfect combination of dogs is a small boy dog and a big girl dog. At this point, Spinner had been gone for about seven months and we were thinking it was about time to get Bailey a friend because she was getting way to used to being an only dog. They said that they actually had her brother, and were trying to decide if they wanted to keep him or find him a home. And with that conversation, I became a member of the cult of dachshund. Dachshund owners are strange people, and now I know why. They aren’t in charge of their own homes. The dachshund is. Dudley came into the house and immediately took over. Lord, he’s a charming dog. He makes me absolutely insane. After a few weeks he had figured out that the fastest way to get to sleep on the bed was to keep us up all night barking and rattling his kennel door. On the bed, he sleeps like the freaking dead. He’s eaten books. And maps. And gone litter box diving so many times that we’ve had to put a dog gate on the door to the room with the litter boxes. I’ve never had a dog who is so irritating but so loveable at the same time. I loved Spinner. And I love Bailey. But Dudley? Dudley is like that friend who drives you crazy but you keep going back for more because he’s so fun. I talk about him all the damn time. I talk about him so much it annoys me, and I can only imagine how annoying I must be to my coworkers who have to listen to me. But then, they’re long-suffering animal parents too, so maybe they don’t mind.

I often wonder what Spinner would think of Dudley. I’m pretty sure he would be very annoyed. I’m also pretty sure that Spinner would have done a better job at putting him in his place than Bailey has been able to do. She’s just too darn nice to him.

So there you have it: a primer on the dogs in my life.

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